Indophyllin (100 mg) | ঔষধের দাম ও নির্দেশিকা

ব্যবহার

It is indicated for the treatment and prophylaxis of bronchospasm associated with asthma, emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Also indicated in adults for the treatment of cardiac asthma and left ventricular or congestive cardiac failure.

ফার্মাকোলজি

Aminophylline is a combination of theophylline and ethylenediamine. Ethylenediamine is inactive; it increases the solubility of theophylline in water. Theophylline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Suggested mechanisms are an increase in intracellular cAMP through inhibition of phosphodiesterase; adenosine receptor antagonism, prostaglandin antagonism and effects on intracellular calcium.

সেবনবিধি

Oral:Chronic bronchospasm: Adult: As hydrate: Initially, 225-450 mg bid, increased if necessary. Child: >3 yr: As modified-release hydrate: 12 mg/kg daily increased to 24 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses after 1 wk. Intravenous:Acute severe bronchospasm: Adult: Loading dose: 5 mg/kg (ideal body weight) or 250-500 mg (25 mg/ml) by slow inj or infusion over 20-30 min. Maintenance infusion dose: 0.5 mg/kg/hr. Max rate: 25 mg/min. Child: Loading dose: same as adult dose. Maintenance dose: 6 mth-9 yr: 1 mg/kg/hr and 10-16 yr: 0.8 mg/kg/hr. Elderly: Dose reduction may be necessary. Hepatic impairment: Dose reduction may be necessary.

পার্শ্বপ্রতিক্রিয়া

The most common adverse effects are gastric irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hematemesis, epigastric pain and tremor. These are usually early signs of toxicity; however, with high doses, ventricular arrhythmias or seizures may be the first signs to appear and reactivation of peptic ulcer, headache, irritability, restlessness, insomnia, twitching, convulsion and reflex hyperexcitability, palpitation, tachycardia, hypotension, circulatory failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and flushing, albuminuria, diuresis and hematuria. Also inappropriate ADH syndrome may occur.

সতর্কতা

Aminophylline should be given with caution to patients with peptic ulceration, hyperthyroidism, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias or other cardiovascular disease, or epilepsy, as these conditions may be exacerbated. They should also be given withcaution to patients with heart failure, hepatic dysfunction, chronic alcoholism, acute febrile illness, and to neonates and the elderly, since in all of these circumstances theophylline clearance may be decreased, resulting in increases in serum-theophylline concentrations and serum half-life.

গর্ভাবস্থায় ও স্তন্যদানকালে ব্যবহার

Use of aminophylline in pregnant women should be balanced against the risk of uncontrolled disease.

বিকল্প ওষুধ

Indophyllin 100 mg Tablet

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